Intestinal parasites may cause weight loss, anemia, fatigue, nausea, apathy or irritability as a result of the vitamin and mineral deficiencies they generate. However, not all parasites are harmful, some producing benefits for their host like the birds that eat leftovers from crocodiles teeth. Bacteria, viruses and even fungi can be called parasites in the sense that they somehow take advantage of other organisms to live and replicate.
But parasites in the literal sense of the word refer to organisms that actually live in a biological association with others and rely on those organisms to live, grow and multiply, then move onto another host. The difference between bacteria and parasites, for example, is that bacteria can grow and spread on a surface for example, whereas parasites typically require a host and resources provided by said host to do so.
Here are some of the main diseases caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi as well as parasites: A Bacteria : sore throat, strep throat, foodborne illness, tuberculosis, pneumonia, meningitis, gastritis, stomach ulcers, foodborne illness. D Parasites : intestinal parasites infection, liver and bile duct cancers, head lice etc.
Here are some interesting differences to consider between bacteria, viruses and fungi : 1 Viruses are actually smaller than bacteria and both are smaller than a lot of fungi. Viruses can only replicate inside the cells of a living being, but not on their own. Viral infections respond to antivirals. Fungal infections are treated with antifungal medication, while parasitic infections are treated with antiparasitic anthelmintic medication.
Log in Sign Up. Usage Notes 'Virus' vs. What to Know While both can cause disease, viruses are not living organisms, whereas bacteria are.
More Words At Play. Merriam-Webster's Words of the Week - Oct. Time Traveler. Love words? Need even more definitions? Ask the Editors 'Everyday' vs.
What Is 'Semantic Bleaching'? How 'literally' can mean "figuratively". Literally How to use a word that literally drives some pe How to treat viruses. How bacteria makes us sick. How to treat bacterial infections. How fungi makes us sick. Commensal fungus, may play a beneficial role in our overall health. Other fungal infections can be caused by an overgrowth of commensal fungus. How to treat fungal infections. Tags: Expert Advice. Popular Categories.
Popular Topics. Women's Health. Expert Advice. Patient Stories. These include drugs such as Cipro and Levaquin. These are synthetic, bactericidal antibacterial agents with broad-spectrum activity.
They inhibit the enzyme topoisomerase II, a DNA gyrase that is necessary for the replication of the microorganism. Topoisomerase II enzyme produces a negative supercoil on DNA, permitting transcription or replication and thereby inhibiting enzyme DNA replication and transcription. Blocking transcription blocks any possibility of replication. Unlike most antibiotics, antiviral drugs do not destroy their target microbe; in its place they inhibit their progress and development of viruses.
Antivirals should be distinguished from viricides, which are usually used a disinfectants rather than medications, but deactivate or destroy virus particles, either inside or outside the body. A very early stage of viral infection is viral entry, when the virus attaches to and enters the host cell. Inhibitors of uncoating have also been investigated. Amantadine and rimantadine have been introduced to combat influenza. These agents act on this penetration and uncoating process.
Pleconaril works against rhinoviruses, which cause the common cold, by blocking a pocket on the surface of the virus that controls the uncoating process. This pocket is similar in most strains of rhinoviruses and enteroviruses, which can cause diarrhea, meningitis, conjunctivitis, and encephalitis. The problem today with antibiotics or antibacterials, antifungicides, and antiviruses is resistance. Antimicrobial resistance is resistance of a microorganism to an antimicrobial drug that was originally effective for treatment of infections caused by it.
Resistant microorganisms bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites are able to withstand attack by antimicrobial drugs so that standard treatments become ineffective and infections persist, increasing the risk of spread to others.
The evolution of resistant strains is a natural phenomenon that occurs when microorganisms replicate themselves erroneously or when resistant traits are exchanged between them. When resistance occurs it is necessary to form modified drugs to avoid resistance. For instance, ampicillin and amoxicillin are variants of penicillin to work around resistance of common infections.
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